Influence of Interpass Welding Temperature on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Super Duplex Stainless Steel AISI 2507
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24237/djes.2026.19212Keywords:
Stainless steel AISI2507 , ER2209, GTAW, cooling rate, temperature, Multipass weldingAbstract
This study investigates the combined influence of interpass temperature and cooling rate on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 10-mmthick AISI 2507 superduplex stainless steel welded by multi-pass gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) using ER2209 filler metal. Welded joints were produced under controlled thermal conditions to evaluate the effect of welding thermal cycles on phase evolution and hardness distribution. Optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Vickers microhardness testing were employed to characterize the weld metal (WM), heat-affected zone (HAZ), and base metal (BM). The results demonstrated that cooling rate was the dominant parameter governing microstructural evolution. Rapid cooling promoted the formation of a finer duplex microstructure with a more homogeneous ferrite–austenite distribution, whereas slower cooling resulted in grain coarsening and increased ferrite retention at grain boundaries. The investigated interpass temperature range (150–350°C) had only a limited influence on the mechanical response, with the weld metal hardness remaining nearly constant at approximately 288–289 HV, indicating that the ferrite–austenite balance was effectively maintained under the selected welding conditions. XRD analysis confirmed the preservation of the duplex structure through the characteristic ferrite (α) (110) and (200) and austenite (γ) (111) and (200) diffraction peaks in all welded samples. However, the slower-cooling condition exhibited higher ferrite peak intensities, suggesting reduced austenite reformation during solidification. The combined microstructural, XRD, and hardness results demonstrate that the cooling rate exerts a greater influence than the interpass temperature on phase stability, microstructural refinement, and the overall metallurgical performance of multi-pass GTAW AISI 2507.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Mohammed Helan Sar, Sara H. Shahatha, Sami Chatti, Mondher Zidi
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