Mechanical Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steel After Exposure to Elevated Temperature

Salah Ganem; Mohammed Mahmood; Hutheifa J. Khalifa

doi:10.24237/djes.2023.16304

Authors

Salah Ganem
salah.7952@yahoo.com
Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Diyala, 32001 Diyala, Iraq
Mohammed Mahmood Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Diyala, 32001 Diyala, Iraq
Hutheifa J. Khalifa Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Diyala, 32001 Diyala, Iraq

Keywords:

Post-fire behaviour, Structural stainless steel, Coupon test, Structural safety

Abstract

Stainless steel has been widely used in the building industry as load-bearing elements such as beams and columns. Many fire accidents in stainless steel buildings were recorded, but only a few have collapsed entirely. These buildings can be rehabilitated and the undamaged parts can be reused, which reduces the economic losses in buildings exposed to fire. The residual mechanical properties of stainless steel after the fire, are the primary determinant of the validity of the stainless steel structure. In this paper, the effect of high temperatures and the time of exposure and cooling method on the mechanical properties of S304 stainless steel was studied. The specimens were heated to 800°C and 1000°C for different heating times (30, 60,90 and 120 minutes) and cooling methods (air-cooled and water-cooled). Results showed that the post-fire yield stress was reduced by 24% and 18% after heating to 800°C for 120minutes and cooled in water and air respectively. However, heating to 1000°C showed a marginal effect on the yield stress of air-cooled specimens and a clear reduction (29%) in the water-cooled specimens. Elongation capacity increased with heating time for 1000^oC specimens but decreased for 800^oC specimens in both cooling methods.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

N.R. Baddoo, Stainless steel in construction: a review of research, applications, challenges and opportunities, J. Constr. Steel Res. 64 (11) (2008) 1199–1206.

Barbara Rossi, Discussion on the use of stainless steel in constructions in view of sustainability, Thin-Walled Struct. 83 (October 2014) 182–189.

Y. Cho, L. Teh, B. Young, A. Ahmed, Net section tension strength of bolted connections in ultra-high strength sheet steel during and after fire, Journal of Constructional Steel Research 172 (2020) 106237.

Marwan Sarraj, The Behaviour of Bolted Connections in Fire, Department of Civil and Structural Engineering, The University of Sheffield (2007).

A. Çalik , Effect of cooling rate on hardness and microstructure of AISI 1020, AISI 1040 and AISI 1060 Steels, International Journal of Physical Sciences Vol. 4 (9), pp. 514-518, September, 2009.

Jinwoo Lee, Elevated-Temperature Properties of ASTM A992 Steel for Structural-Fire Engineering Analysis, Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin(2012).

Jawad, F. A., Nimnim, S. T., & Attiya, M. A. J. K. J. o. E. (2017). EFFECT OF BOLT DIRECTION ON THE BEARING CAPACITY OF DOUBLE SHEAR CONNECTIONS. 8(2).

Yang, K.-C., Hsu, R.-J., & Hsu, C.-F. (2013). Strength criteria for bolted connections at elevated temperature. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 88, 43-52.

Molkens, T., Cashell, K. A., Malaska, M., Alanen, M., & Rossi, B. (2021). Performance of structural stainless steel following a fire. Engineering Structures, 235, 112001.

Cai, Y., & Young, B. (2020). Effects of end distance on thin sheet steel single shear bolted connections at elevated temperatures

Qahtan A., Mohammed Mahmood (2020) Post-Fire Performance of Carbon Steel, Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol (14) No 2, 2021: 28-41.

L. Gardner, The use of stainless steel in structures, Prog. Struct. Eng. Mater. 7 (2005) 45–55

L. Gardner, K.T. Ng, Temperature development in structural stainless steel sections exposed to fire, Fire Safety. J. 41 (2006) 185–203.

Xifeng Gao, Xupeng Zhang, Residual mechanical properties of stainless steels S30408 and S31608 after fire exposure, Construction and Building Materials 165 (2018) 82–92.

J. Nagie (2014) The effect of cooling rate on mechanical properties of carbon steel St 35, Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol. 07, No. 01, pp. 109-118, March.

HUANG, Y. & YOUNG, B. 2018. Mechanical properties of lean duplex stainless steel at post-fire condition. Thin-Walled Structures, 130, 564-576.

Choi, J., Seok, C.-S., Park, S., & Kim, G. (2019). Effect of high-temperature degradation on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of austenitic heat-resistant steel. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 8(2), 2011-2020.

Fan, S., Ding, X., Sun, W., Zhang, L., & Liu, M. (2016). Experimental investigation on fire resistance of stainless steel columns with square hollow section. Thin-Walled Structures, 98, 196-211.

CEN (European Committee for Standardization, Method of test at Ambient Temperature, in Met al.lic materials -tensile testing, part1: E.N 10002:2001, CEN Brussels, Belgium.

ASTM International, ASTM A240/A240M-18 Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, (2018).

Blaoui, M.M., M. Zemri, and A. Brahami, Effect of Heat Treatment Parameters on Mechanical Properties of Medium Carbon Steel. Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering, 2018. 22(4): p. 909-918.